The lining of the intestine is extremely important for maintaining proper immunity. It makes sure that only properly digested starches, fats, and proteins pass through and enter into the bloodstream. These substances only pass through the lining via diffusion or active transport. Under normal conditions, the pores between the cells that make up the intestinal lining are sealed. But when the lining becomes irritated, the normally tight junctions loosen and larger molecules in the intestines are able to pass through into the blood. This is referred to as intestinal permeability or leaky gut syndrome. Once in the bloodstream, the immune system sees these larger molecules as foreign and an antibody reaction occurs. The liver works much harder trying to clean out the toxins, but it may not be able to keep up, and toxins begin to build up in the body. If the intestinal lining becomes even more damaged, larger substances can pass directly through the damaged cells; substances such as harmful bacteria, undigested food particles, and toxins. In response, the immune system reacts again and releases antibodies called cytokines. The cytokines alert white blood cells to fight the foreign particles, which in turn produces oxidants. The oxidants cause irritation and inflammation throughout the entire body. Now the big problem is that the immune system is working on overdrive trying to defend the intestine, clean the blood, fight inflammation, ward off pathogens, and so on. The immune system is spread too thin throughout the body, and autoimmune conditions can arise.
Some causes of intestinal permeability are
Food sensitivities
Yeast
Excessive environmental toxins
Chronic stress
Intestinal infections
Excess alcohol
Certain medications
Poor diet
Zinc deficiency
Weak immune system
Symptoms of intestinal permeability include:
Asthma
Chronic joint, muscle or abdominal pain
Confusion
Fuzzy or foggy thinking
Gas/bloating
Indigestion
Mood swings
Nervousness, anxiety
Poor immunity
Recurrent vaginal infections
Skin rashes
Diarrhea or constipation
Bed-wetting
Recurrent bladder infections
Poor memory
Shortness of breath
Aggressive behavior
Fatigue
Fevers
Migraines
To test for leaky gut, blood work or a stool analysis can be performed to see how well your intestinal wall does at keeping in the larger particles within the intestinal tract. Intestinal permeability may be healed by an anti-inflammatory/hypo-allergenic diet along with specific nutrients. The time it takes for healing depends on the severity of the condition.
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